Malcolm X – The Nation of Islam by Eve Arnold

En 1960, le magazine LIFE demande à la photographe américaine, première femme membre de l’agence Magnum, Eve Arnold (1912-2012) de suivre la Nation of Islam d’Elijah Muhammad et, plus spécifiquement, son plus grand leader Malcolm X. Pendant un an, elle photographiera les meetings, les voyages et les réunions de l’organisation. A l’occasion de l’anniversaire de l’assassinat de Malcolm X, LIFE a décidé de republier la série.
Sur cette galerie d’images noires et blanches apparaissent des brassards nazis. Un détail qui s’explique par le rapprochement entre George Lincoln Rockwell, fondateur da l’American Nazi Party, et Elijah Muhammad, tous deux d’accord sur la notion de séparation des races. L’idée de ségrégation totale ne lui permettant pas de prendre part au Mouvement des Droits Civiques, Malcolm X quittera la Nation of Islam peu de temps après.
Malcolm X, Chicago, 1961
Malcolm X, Chicago, 1961
 
Children line up outside a Nation of Islam meeting at the Uline Arena, Washington, D.C., 1961
Children line up outside a Nation of Islam meeting at the Uline Arena, Washington, D.C., 1961
 
Malcolm X makes a speech at a Nation of Islam rally, Washington D.C., 1961
Malcolm X makes a speech at a Nation of Islam rally, Washington D.C., 1961
 
Nation of Islam meeting, New York City, 1961
Nation of Islam meeting, New York City, 1961
 
Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X, Chicago, 1961
Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X, Chicago, 1961
 
Nation of Islam meeting, 1961
Nation of Islam meeting, 1961
 
Malcolm X gives a speech at a Nation of Islam rally, Washington, D.C., 1961
Malcolm X gives a speech at a Nation of Islam rally, Washington, D.C., 1961
 
Nation of Islam meeting, New York City, 1961
Nation of Islam meeting, New York City, 1961
 
Three sets of hands (left to right): American Nazi, Nation of Islam member and a Nation of Islam money collector at a rally, Washington, D.C., 1961
Three sets of hands (left to right): American Nazi, Nation of Islam member and a Nation of Islam money collector at a rally, Washington, D.C., 1961
Malcolm X gives a speech at a Nation of Islam rally, Washington, D.C., 1961
Malcolm X gives a speech at a Nation of Islam rally, Washington, D.C., 1961
 
Nation of Islam meeting, 1961
Nation of Islam meeting, 1961
 
Malcolm X, 1961
Malcolm X, 1961
 
Daughter and wife of Elijah Muhammad with Malcolm X, Chicago, 1961
Daughter and wife of Elijah Muhammad with Malcolm X, Chicago, 1961
 
Children of members of the Nation of Islam on their way to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, 1961
Children of members of the Nation of Islam on their way to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, 1961
 
Images © Eve Arnold
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